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Typhoon Ruby, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Unsang, was a Category 4 typhoon that caused over 300 deaths and billions of dollars in damages. It was the deadliest and costliest storm of the season. The tenth typhoon of the 1988 Pacific typhoon season, Ruby formed from an area of low pressure east of the Philippines on October 20. It intensified to a 230 km/h (145 mph) typhoon while approaching central Luzon. It hit the island on the October 24, and rapidly weakened to a minimal typhoon over the island. Ruby, with its disrupted circulation, remained weak over the South China Sea, and land interaction with Vietnam caused it to dissipate on October 28. Ruby caused over 300 fatalities, with widespread flooding and damage over its track. Ruby brought heavy rains and a 3.7 meter (12 feet) storm surge to Guam and the Marianas Islands. On Luzon, the storm's 220 km/h (140 mph) winds caused tremendous damage to the town of Siniloan. In the Polillo Islands, east of Manila, Ruby spawned rare tornadoes that leveled homes. In the northern part of the Philippines, many fishing boats were wrecked by 30–40 foot waves, and 32 more people drowned.〔("Typhoon Ruby" ). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from (the original ) on June 7, 2011.〕 Damage in the Philippines totaled 5.64 billion Philippine pesos (1989 pesos).〔("Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for Month of October (1948-2000)" ). Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from (the original ) on May 11, 2004.〕 The passenger ferry ''Doña Marilyn'' was in the Visayan Sea when the storm struck the vessel. The ferry was not designed for deep water, and the open decks let water into the interior of the ship. The storm caused the ferry to pitch to the starboard until one of the decks was below the water, causing the ship to fill up rapidly. The passengers and crew tried to save the ship, but to no avail. The ''Doña Marilyn'' sank stern first, taking 389 people with it. Only 147 people survived by clinging to life rafts. Typhoon Ruby was the twelfth most intense tropical cyclone in terms of wind speed to affect the Bicol Region of the nation. ==Meteorological history== Ruby was the most devastating typhoon of the 1988 Pacific typhoon season, in terms of the damage it inflicted. It formed as a tropical depression from a trough about 1,760 kilometers (1,090 miles) east-southeast of Manila on October 21 and moved southwestwards at first. Early on October 22, the depression rapidly intensified into a tropical storm, and was given the name "Ruby".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/tc/tc1988.pdf )〕 Ruby took on a westward course towards the southern Philippines. During that afternoon, Ruby further strengthened into a severe tropical storm and turned west-northwestwards. It attained typhoon status on October 23 and developed a small pinhole eye. It strengthened to a strong 230 km/h (145 mph) typhoon, and a pressure of 950 mbar (hPa; 28.05 inHg). Ruby accelerated to a speed of about 27 km/h (17 mph) in its movement towards Luzon. It made landfall over central Luzon early on October 24 and entered the South China Sea later that morning, passing about 70 kilometers (43 miles) to the south-southwest of Baguio. In the Philippines, the passenger liner ''Dona Marilyn'' was sunk with over 200 people dead or missing. The death toll on land was over 130 and financial losses totaled over $50 million (1988 USD). During the evening of October 25 when it was about 350 kilometers (220 miles) west-northwest of Manila, Ruby weakened slightly and slowed down significantly, moving on an erratic track. It then took on a west-northwestward track at about 20 km/h (12 mph) later on October 26.〔 Ruby weakened into a severe tropical storm on October 27 and degenerated further into a tropical storm early on October 28 under the influence of strengthening northeast monsoon. That afternoon, she struck the island of Hainan. Two people were killed and caused about 133 million RMB of damage. Ruby finally became extratropical over the sea areas to the southwest of the island on October 29. During the passage of Ruby over the South China Sea, high seas associated with the outer circulation of Ruby affected the coast of Fujian Province and caused financial damage of about 37 million RMB.〔 The Philippines was hit again a few weeks after Ruby by Typhoon Skip, known as Typhoon Yoning in the nation. However, Skip was much less destructive than Ruby. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Typhoon Ruby (1988)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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